Bibliography and other references
Readings
Digital Humanities and Digital Literary Studies
- Berry, David M. (editor). 2012. Understanding Digital Humanities. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Berry, David M., 2014. Critical theory and the digital. New York, London, New Delhi, etc.: Bloomsbury Academic.
- Jockers, Matthew L., 2013. Macroanalysis: digital methods and literary history. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
- Jones, Steven E. 2014. The emergence of the Digital Humanities. New York, London: Routledge.
- McCarty, Willard. 2005. Humanities computing. Basingstroke: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Ramsay, Stephen. 2011. Reading machines: toward an algorithmic criticism. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
- Röhle, Bernhard and Theo Rieder. “Digital methods: Five challenges.” Understanding Digital Humanities, pp. 67-84. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2012.
- Schreibman, Susan, Ray Siemens, and John Unsworth (editors). 2016. A new companion to Digital Humanities. 2nd Edition. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. (First edition: A companion to Digital Humanities. Oxford: Blackwell, 2004.)
- Siemens, Ray, Susan Schreibman (editors). 2008. A companion to Digital Literary Studies. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Terras, Melissa, Julienne Nyhan, and Edward Vanhoutte (editors). 2014. Defining Digital Humanities: a reader. Oxford: Routledge.
- Unsworth, John. 2016. “What is humanities computing and what is not?.” Defining Digital Humanities, pp. 51-63. Oxford: Routledge.
Digital Humanities pedagogy and learning
- Birnbaum, David J., 2014. Address read at the University of Pittsburgh Faculty Senate annual spring plenary session, 2014-03-19. http://www.obdurodon.org/slides/2014-03-19_senate-plenary.pdf
- Birnbaum, David J. and Alison Langmead. 2017. “Task-driven programming pedagogy in the Digital Humanities.” New directions for computing education. Embedding computing across disciplines, edited by Samuel B. Fee, Amanda Holland-Minkley, and Thomas E. Lombardi, pp. 63–85. NY: Springer.
- “Computational methods in the humanities.” Course materials for David J. Birnbaum’s computational digital humanities course at the University of Pittsburgh. http://dh.obdurodon.org
- Hirsch, Brett D. (editor). 2012. Digital Humanities pedagogy: practices, principles and politics. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers. https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/161
- Mateas, Michael. 2005. “Procedural literacy: educating the new media practitioner.” On the horizon: special issue on games in education, vol 13, number 2, pp. 101–11. https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~michaelm/publications/mateas-oth-2005.pdf
- Mahony, Simon, and Elena Pierazzo. 2012. “Teaching Skills or Teaching Methodology?” Digital Humanities Pedagogy: practices, principles and politics., pp. 215-225. Cambridge: OpenBook Publishers.
- Rehbein, Malte and Christiane Fritze. 2012. “Hands-on teaching Digital Humanities: a didactic analysis of a summer school course on digital editing.” Digital humanities pedagogy, edited by Brett D. Hirsch. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers. https://www.openbookpublishers.com/htmlreader/DHP/chap02.html#ch02
- Rowell, Chelcie Juliet, and Alix Keener. 2021. Pre-print of “Sharing authority in collaborative Digital Humanities pedagogy: Library workers’ perspectives.” In Debates in Digital Humanities pedagogy, edited by Brian Croxall and Diane Jakacki, forthcoming from the University of Minnesota Press.
- Unsworth, John. 2000. “Scholarly primitives: What methods do humanities researchers have in common, and how might our tools reflect this.” Symposium on Humanities Computing: Formal Methods, Experimental Practice. King’s College, London. Vol. 13.
Digital infrastructure
- Boot, Peter, and Joris van Zundert. 2011. “The Digital Edition 2.0 and the Digital Library: Services, not Resources”. Digitale Edition und Forschungsbibliothek, Bibliothek und Wissenschaft, vol. 44, pp. 141-152.
- Borgman, Christine. 2010. Scholarship in the digital age: Information, infrastructure, and the Internet. Cambridge, MA: MIT press.
- Kaltenbrunner, Wolfgang. 2015. “Reflexive inertia: reinventing scholarship through digital practices.” Ph.D. thesis, Leiden University.
- Unsworth, John. 1997. “Documenting the Reinvention of Text. The Importance of Failure.” Journal of Electronic Publishing, vol. 3, issue 2. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/192
- Zundert, Joris van, 2012. “If you build it, will we come? Large scale digital infrastructures as a dead end for Digital Humanities.” Historical social research–Historische Sozialforschung 37(3), 165–86.
Stylometry
- Bird, Steven, Ewan Klein, and Edward Loper. 2009. Natural Language Processing with Python: Analyzing Text with the Natural Language Toolkit. Sebastopol: O’Reilly Media. http://www.nltk.org/book/ch06.html
- Hoover, David. 2013. “Text Analysis.” Literary Studies in the Digital Age: An Evolving Anthology, edited by Kenneth Price and Ray Siemens. New York: Modern Language Association.
- Juola, Patrick. 2006. “Authorship attribution.” Foundations and trends in information retrieval, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 233–334. http://www.mathcs.duq.edu/~juola/papers.d/fnt-aa.pdf
- Juola, Patrick. N.D. “JGAAP: Java Graphical Authorship Attribution Program” (software). https://evllabs.github.io/JGAAP/
- Jurafsky, Daniel, and James H. Martin. 2009. Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition. Second edition. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall.
- Luyckx, Kim, Walter Daelemans, and Edward Vanhoutte. 2006. “Stylogenetics: Clustering-based stylistic analysis of literary corpora.” Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’06), Genova, Italy.
- Schomaker, Lambert. 2007. “Advances in writer identification and verification.” ICDAR 2007: Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 1268-1273.
Digital scholarly editing and theory of edition
- Andrews, Tara L., 2012. “The third way: philology and critical edition in the digital age.” Variants, vol. 10, pp. 61–76.
- Andrews, Tara and Joris van Zundert. 2016. “What are you trying to say? The interface as an integral element of argument.” https://static.uni-graz.at/fileadmin/gewi-zentren/Informationsmodellierung/PDF/andrews_zundert_interface-argument-min.pdf
- Apollon, Daniel, Claire Bélisle, and Philippe Régnier (editors). 2014. Digital critical editions: exploring the interweaving of traditional and digital textual scholarship. Urbana-Champaign: U Illinois P.
- Bleeker, Elli. 2017. Mapping invention in writing: digital infrastructure and the role of the genetic editor. Ph.D. thesis, University of Antwerp.
- Boot, Peter, Anna Cappellotto, Wout Dillen, Franz Fischer, Aodhán Kelly, Andreas Mertgens, Anna-Maria Sichani, Elena Spadini, Dirk van Hulle (editors). 2017. Advances in digital scholarly editing. Papers presented at the DiXiT conferences in the Hague, Cologne, and Antwerp. Leiden: Sidestone. https://www.sidestone.com/books/advances-in-digital-scholarly-editing
- Bryant, John. 2002. The fluid text: a theory of revision and editing for book and screen. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
- Bryant, John. 2006. “Editing a fluid text.” http://rotunda.upress.virginia.edu/melville/intro-combined.pdf
- Burghart, Marjorie and Elena Pierazzo. Digital scholarly editions: manuscripts, texts and TEI encoding.
- Burnard Lou, Katherine O’Brien O’Keeffe, and John Unsworth (editors). 2006. Electronic textual editing. NY: Modern Language Association.
- Burnard, Lou and Syd Bauman (editors). 2015. TEI P5: Guidelines for electronic text encoding and interchange. Version 3.1.0. Charlottesville, Virginia: Text Encoding Initiative Consortium.
- Buzzetti, Dino and Jerome McGann. 2006. “Critical editing in a digital horizon”. Electronic textual editing, edited by David Greetham, Lou Burnard, Katherine O’Brien O’Keefe, and John Unsworth, pp. 53–73. New York: AbeBooks.
- Carlquist, Jonas. 2004. “Medieval manuscripts, hypertext and reading. Visions of digital editions”. Literary and linguistic computing vol. 19 no. 1, pp. 105-118.
- Ciula, Arianna and Øyvind Eide. 2014. “Reflections on cultural heritage and Digital Humanities: modelling in practice and theory.” Proceedings of the First International Conference on Digital Access to Textual Cultural Heritage, pp. 35-41. New York: ACM.
- Crane, Greg. 2010. “Give us editors! Re-inventing the edition and re-thinking the humanities”. The shape of things to come, edited by Jerome McGann, pp. 81-97. Houston: Rice University Press. Access to Textual Cultural Heritage._ New York: ACM.
- Dahlstrom, Mats. 2009. “The compleat edition.” Text editing, print, and the digital world, edited by Marilyn Deegan and Katherine Sutherland, pp. 27–44. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing.
- Deegan, Marilyn and Katherine Sutherland (editors). Text editing, print, and the digital world. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing.
- De Biasi, Pierre-Marc. 1996. “What is a literary craft? Toward a functional typology of genetic documentation”, trans. Ingrid Wassenaar. Yale French studies, vol. 89, pp. 26–58.
- Dillen, Wout. 2016. “The editor in the interface. Guiding the user through texts and images.” https://static.uni-graz.at/fileadmin/gewi-zentren/Informationsmodellierung/PDF/Dillen_The-Editor-in-the-Interface-min.pdf
- Driscoll, Matthew James and Elena Pierazzo (editors). 2016. Digital scholarly editing: theories and practices. Cambridge: Open book publishers. http://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/483/digital-scholarly-editing--theories-and-practices
- Eggert, Paul. 2009. Securing the past: conservation in art, architecture and literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Fraistat, Neil and Julia Flander (editors). 2013. The Cambridge companion to textual scholarship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Gabler, Hans Walter. 2010. “Theorizing the digital scholarly edition.” Literature Compass, vol 7, no. 2, pp. 43-56.
- Gabler, Hans Walter. 2018. Text genetics in literary modernism and other essays. Open Book Publishers. https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/629
- Greetham, David. 2013. Textual scholarship: An introduction. Oxford: Routledge.
- McCarty, Willard. 2004. “Modeling: a study in words and meanings.” A companion to Digital Humanities, edited by Susan Schreibman, Ray Siemens, and John Unsworth. Oxford: Blackwell. http://digitalhumanities.org:3030/companion/view?docId=blackwell/9781405103213/9781405103213.xml&chunk.id=ss1-3-7
- McCarty, Willard (editor). 2010. Text and genre in reconstruction: effects of digitalization on ideas, behaviours, products and institutions. Open Book Publishers. https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/64
- McGann, Jerome, 2004. “Marking texts of many dimensions.” A companion to Digital Humanities., edited by Susan Schreibman, Ray Siemens, and John Unsworth. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Pierazzo, Elena, 2015. Digital scholarly editing: theories, models and methods. Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Price, Kenneth. 2009. “Edition, Project, Database, Archive, Thematic Research Collection: What’s in a Name?” Digital Humanities Quarterly vol. 3, no. 3. http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/3/3/000053/000053.html
- Robinson, Peter, 2012. “Towards a theory of digital editions.” Variants, 10, pp. 105–31.
- Sahle, Patrick, 2013. Catalog of digital scholarly editions. Version 3.0, snapshot 2008ff. Last updated May 14, 2018. http://www.digitale-edition.de
- Shillingsburg, Peter L. 1996. Scholarly editing in the computer age: theory and practice. Third edition. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
- Shillingsburg, Peter L. 2006. From Gutenberg to Google: electronic representations of literary texts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Shillingsburg, Peter L. and Dirk van Hulle. 2015. “Orientations to text, revisited.” Studies in bibliography, vol. 59, pp. 27–44.
- Sels, Lara and David J. Birnbaum 2015. “Editing the Bdinski sbornik as a multilayered reality.” Агиославика. Проблеми и подходи в изследването на Станиславовия чети-миней: доклади от едноименната конференция - 21 май 2013 г. (Hagioslavica. Issues and approaches in the study of the Stanislav Reading Menaion: presentations from the conference of May 21, 2013.), edited by Diana Atanasova, pp. 184–99. Sofia: Kliment Oxridski University.
- Siemens, Raymond et al., 2012. “Toward modeling the social edition: An approach to understanding the electronic scholarly edition in the context of new and emerging social media.” Literary and linguistic computing, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 445–61.
- Van Hulle, Dirk. 2016. “Modeling a digital scholarly edition for genetic criticism: a digital rapprochement.” Variants, vol. 12–13. https://journals.openedition.org/variants/293
- Van Peursen, Wido, Ernst Thoutenhoofd, and Adriaan van der Weel (editors). 2010. Text comparison and digital creativity. The production of presence and meaning in digital text scholarship. Leiden: Brill.
- Visconti, Amanda. 2015. How can you love a work, if you don’t know it? Critical code and design. Towards participatory digital editions. Ph.D thesis, University of Maryland. http://dr.amandavisconti.com/
See also the Modern language association (MLA) Guidelines for editors of scholarly editions and Annotated bibliography: key works in the theory of textual editing.
Project management
- Appleford, Simon, and Jennifer Guiliano. 2013. DevDH.org.
- Burress, Theresa and Chelcie Juliet Rowell. 2017. “Project management for digital projects with collaborators beyond the library.” College & undergraduate libraries, vol. 24, no. 2–4, pp. 300–21.
- Gavia Libraria. 2011. “The c-word.”
- National Center for Faculty Development & Diversity. “Monday motivator email newsletter.”
- National Public Radio (NPR) Training. 2018. “A blueprint for planning storytelling projects.”
- Rowell, Chelcie Juliet, and Alix Keener. 2021. Pre-print of “Sharing authority in collaborative Digital Humanities pedagogy: Library workers’ perspectives.” In Debates in Digital Humanities pedagogy, edited by Brian Croxall and Diane Jakacki, forthcoming from the University of Minnesota Press.
- Rowell, Chelcie Juliet, and Hannah Scates Kettler. 2021. “Cultivating accountability by eliciting upward feedback.” Panel presentation presented at the Conference on Academic Library Management (CALM).
- Shaw, Ryan. “Sketching assignment.” University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill, School of Information and Library Science, INLS 890: Making the Humanities Digital, Fall 2012.
- Siemens, Lynn. 2012. “Issues in large-project planning and management” [PDF], Digital Humanities Summer Institute, University of Victoria.
- Siemens, Lynn. 2016. “Project management and the digital humanist,” Doing Digital Humanities: Practice, training, research, edited by Constance Crompton, Richard Lane, and Ray Siemens, pp. 343–57. London: Routledge.
- Schwarz, Roger. 2015. “How to design an agenda for an effective meeting.” Harvard Business Review.
- Varner, Stewart. 2014. “Project charter.” Stewart Varner: Scholarship, Libraries, Technology (blog).
- Varner, Stewart. 2014. “Project proposal form.” Stewart Varner: Scholarship, Libraries, Technology (blog).
- Visual Media Workshop at the University of Pittsburgh. 2019. “The socio-technical sustainability roadmap.”
- W.K. Kellogg Foundation. 2004. “Logic model development guide.” Battle Creek, Michigan: W.K. Kellogg Foundation, January 2004.
- Yale Digital Humanities Lab. 2019. “Defining your project: A DHLab toolkit.”
- See especially the lean canvas (which is akin to a project proposal) and the project charter.
Text encoding (TEI, XML, and beyond)
- André, Julie and Elena Pierazzo. 2013. “Le codage en TEI des brouillons de Proust: vers l’édition numérique”. Genesis vol. 36, pp. 155-161.
- Elliott, Tom, Bodard, Gabriel, Milonas, Elli, Stoyanova, Simona, and Charlotte Tupman. 2007. EpiDoc guidelines: Ancient documents in TEI XML. http://www.stoa.org/epidoc/gl/latest/.
- Hockey, Susan. Electronic Texts in the Humanities: Principles and Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Lavagnino, John. 2006. “When not to use TEI”. Electronic Textual Editing, edited by Lou Burnard, Katherine O’Brien O’Keeffe, and John Unsworth, pp. 334-338. New York: Modern Language Association.
- Renear, Allen, David Dubin, and C. Michael Sperberg-McQueen. 2002. “Towards a semantics for XML markup.” Proceedings of the 2002 ACM symposium on Document engineering, New York: ACM.
- Sperberg-McQueen, Christopher Michael, Claus Huitfeldt, and Allen Renear. 2000. “Meaning and interpretation of markup.” Markup Languages 2.3, pp. 215-234.
- Stadler, Peter, Marcel Illetschko, and Sabine Seifert. 2016. “Towards a Model for Encoding Correspondence in the TEI: Developing and Implementing correspDesc.” Journal of the Text Encoding Initiative, vol. 9.
- Stella, Francesco. 2006. “Digital Philology, medieval texts, and the Corpus of Latin Rhythms, a Digital Edition of Music and Poems.” Digital Philology and Medieval Texts, edited by Arianna Ciula and Fransesco Stella, pp. 223-249. Pisa: Pacini editore.
- Tennison, Jeni, and Wendell Piez. “The Layered Markup and Annotation Language (LMNL).” Extreme Markup Languages.
Textual variance and collation
- Baret, Philippe V., and Caroline Macé. 2004. “Why phylogenetic methods work: the theory of evolution and textual criticism.” Linguistica computazionale, vol. 24, no. 24/25, pp. 1000-1020.
- Birnbaum, David J. and Hanne Martine Eckhoff. In press. “Machine-assisted multilingual alignment of the Old Church Slavonic Codex Suprasliensis”. Zelena dežela, edited by Stephen Dickey and Mark Lauersdorf. Bloomington In: Slavica.
- Birnbaum, David J. and Hanne Martine Eckhoff. 2017. “Machine-assisted normalization of the Old Church Slavonic Codex Suprasliensis”. Vis et sapientia: Studia in honorem Anisavae Miltenova. Нови извори, интерпретации и подходи в медиевистиката, edited by Dilyana Radoslavova, 327–49. Sofia: Bojan Penčev.
- Bleeker, Elli, Bram Buitendijk, Ronald Haentjens Dekker, and Astrid Kulsdom. 2018. “Including XML markup in the automated collation of Literary text”. Proceedings of XML Prague 2018.
- Cerquiglini, Bernard. 1999. In praise of the variant: a critical history of philology, translated by Betsy Wing. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press.
- Gothenburg Model. http://collatex.net/doc/#gothenburg-model
- Fiormonte, Domenico, and Cinzia Pusceddu. 2006. “The text as product and process. History, genesis, experiments.” Manuscript, Variant, Genese/Genesis, pp. 109-128. Gent: Koninklijke Academie voor Nederlandse Taal-en Letterkunde.
- Haentjens Dekker, Ronald, Dirk van Hulle, Gregor Middell, Vincent Neyt, and Joris van Zundert, 2015. “Computer-supported collation of modern manuscripts: CollateX and the Beckett Digital Manuscript Project”. Digital scholarship in the humanities, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 452–70.
- Schmidt, Desmond, 2009. “Merging multi-version texts: a generic solution to the overlap problem.” Presented at Balisage: The Markup Conference 2009, Montréal, Canada, August 11–14, 2009. In: Proceedings of Balisage: the markup conference 2009. Balisage series on markup technologies, 3. doi:10.4242/BalisageVol3.Schmidt01. http://www.balisage.net/Proceedings/vol3/html/Schmidt01/BalisageVol3-Schmidt01.html
- Schmidt, Desmond and Robert Colomb, 2009. “A data structure for representing multi-version texts online.” International journal of human-computer studies, vol. 67, pp. 497–514.
Text as graph (TAG)
The repo and portal for the Huygens Institute TAG model introduced in the Institute is https://github.com/HuygensING/TAG. Read up on graphs here:
- Eide, Øyvind, 2014. “Sequence, tree and graph at the tip of your Java classes,” http://dharchive.org/paper/DH2014/Paper-639.xml
- Haentjens Dekker, Ronald, and David J. Birnbaum. 2017. “It’s more than just overlap: Text As Graph.” Presented at Balisage: The Markup Conference 2017, Washington, DC, August 1–4, 2017. In Proceedings of Balisage: The Markup Conference 2017. Balisage Series on Markup Technologies, vol. 19. doi:10.4242/BalisageVol19.Dekker01. https://www.balisage.net/Proceedings/vol19/html/Dekker01/BalisageVol19-Dekker01.html
- Ide, Nancy and Keith Suderman, 2007. “GrAF: A graph-based format for linguistic annotations.” Proceedings of the Linguistic annotation workshop, held in conjunction with ACL 2007, Prague, June 28-29, 1-8. http://www.cs.vassar.edu/~ide/papers/LAW.pdf
- Marcoux, Yves, C. Michael Sperberg-McQueen, and Claus Huitfeldt. 2011. “Expressive power of markup languages and graph structures”. Presented at the DH 2011 Stanford University conference (http://xtf-prod.stanford.edu/xtf/view?docId=tei/ab-390.xml;query=;brand=default).
Text analysis and visualization
- Drucker, Johanna. 2011. “Humanities approaches to graphical display”. Digital Humanities quarterly, vol. 5, no. 1. http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/5/1/000091/000091.html
- Ingersoll, Grant S., Thomas S. Morton, and Andrew L. Farris. 2012. Taming text. How to find, organize, and manipulate it. Shelter Island, NY: Manning.
- Janicke, Stefan, Annette Gessner, Greta Franzini, Melissa Terras, Simon Mahony, and Gerik Scheuermann. 2015. “TRAViz: a visualization for variant graphs”. Digital scholarship in the humanities, vol. 30, pp. 83–99.
- Jessop, Martyn. 2008. “Digital visualization as a scholarly activity”. Literary and linguistic computing, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 281–93.
- Kirschenbaum, Matthew. 2004. “‘So the colours cover the wires’: interface, aesthetics and usability.” A companion to Digital Humanities, edited by Susan Schreibman, Ray Siemens, and John Unsworth, chapter 34. Oxford: Blackwell. http://www.digitalhumanities.org/companion/
- Ruecker, Stan, Milena Radzikowska, and Stefan Sinclair. 2011. Visual interface design for digital cultural heritage: a guide to rich-prospect browsing. Surrey: Ashgate.
Journals
- RIDE. A review journal for digital editions and resources. https://ride.i-d-e.de/
- Variants. The journal of the European Society for Textual Scholarship. http://www.brill.com/products/book/journal-european-society-textual-scholarship-0
Software projects, tools, toolkits, guidelines and methods
- Agile Manifesto. http://www.agilemanifesto.org
- Birnbaum, David and Gabi Keane. Command line fundamentals (course materials). https://github.com/djbpitt/command-line-fundamentals/tree/2019
- Martin, Robert C. 2002. Agile software development: principles, patterns, and practices. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
- CollateX. Software for collating textual sources. http://collatex.net
- DiXiT. Digital Scholarly Editions Initial Training Network. Convention 1 (http://dixit.huygens.knaw.nl/) and Convention 2 (http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/programme/convention-2/)
- Edition visualization technology (EVT). http://evt.labcd.unipi.it
- eXist-db. XML database. http://exist-db.org
- Interedition. EU COST Action to promote the interoperability of the tools and methodology in the field of digital scholarly editing and research. http://www.interedition.eu/
- JGAAP. Java graphical authorship attribution program. https://evllabs.github.io/JGAAP/
- LexiconSE. A lexicon for scholarly editing. https://lexiconse.uantwerpen.be/.
- Parvum lexicon stemmatologicum (PLS). A scholarly digital resource providing explanations for technical terms related to stemmatology. https://wiki.helsinki.fi/display/stemmatology
- PyStyl. Python package for stylometry. https://github.com/mikekestemont/pystyl
- StemmaWeb. A collection of tools for analysis of collated text. http://stemmaweb.net
- Tapas. http://tapasproject.org/
- TEI. Text Encoding Initiative. http://tei-c.org
- VMR CRE. Virtual manuscript room collaborative research environment. http://vmrcre.org